What gases can be passed through a box type annealing atmosphere furnace?

There are various types of gases that can be introduced into the box type annealing atmosphere furnace, which can meet the processing needs of different materials, as follows:

Inert gas
Nitrogen (N ₂)
Used to protect the atmosphere and prevent metal materials from oxidation or decarburization at high temperatures, it is widely used in annealing treatment of stainless steel, carbon steel and other materials.
Argon gas (Ar)
As a high-purity inert gas, it is suitable for materials sensitive to oxidation such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys, ensuring stable surface quality and performance.
Helium (He)
Due to its high thermal conductivity, it can be used in special processes that require rapid heat exchange, but the cost is high and the application scenarios are relatively limited.

Reducing gas
Hydrogen (H ₂)
Reduce surface oxides in metal annealing to improve material purity and performance, such as removing oxide layers in copper annealing.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
As a reducing agent involved in specific chemical reactions, it requires strict monitoring to avoid safety hazards and is commonly used in industrial grade material processing.
Ammonia decomposition gas (NH3 decomposes into H ₂+N ₂)
Provide a mixed atmosphere of reducing hydrogen and protective nitrogen, suitable for processes such as brazing and sintering.

Oxidizing gas
Oxygen (O ₂)
Control the degree of oxidation in specific processes, such as metal surface pre oxidation treatment, but precise control of flow rate is required to avoid excessive oxidation.
air
Used for materials that are insensitive to oxidation, but have limited applications due to the easy introduction of impurities that can affect material properties.
Carbon dioxide (CO ₂)
As a weakly oxidizing gas, it participates in specific atmosphere regulation, but needs to be used in conjunction with other gases.

Other special gases
Water vapor (H ₂ O)
Participate in water gas reaction or regulate atmosphere humidity, suitable for ceramic sintering and other processes.
Hydrocarbon gases (such as methane, propane)
As a carbon source for carburizing or carbonitriding, it enhances the surface hardness and wear resistance of materials.
mixed gas
By combining nitrogen with hydrogen, nitrogen with hydrocarbons, etc., multiple functions such as protection, reduction, and carburizing can be achieved to meet complex process requirements.