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What gases can be used in customized box type resistance atmosphere furnaces?

Time:2025-06-24 Click:0
  

The customized box type resistance atmosphere furnace can be filled with various types of gases to meet the needs of different materials and processes. The following are common gases that can be filled:

1. Inert gas
Nitrogen (N ₂): chemically stable, not easily reactive with other substances, can eliminate air in the furnace, prevent metal materials from being oxidized during heating, and protect the metal surface. For example, in the process of metal heat treatment, a nitrogen atmosphere can maintain the original surface smoothness and performance of metal parts.
Argon (Ar): It has higher chemical stability than nitrogen, and is often used as a protective atmosphere in some situations where high atmosphere purity is required, such as heat treatment of semiconductor materials, melting of precious metals, etc. It can effectively prevent reactions between materials and oxygen, water vapor, etc. in the air, ensuring the stability of the process and product quality.
Helium (He): It is an inert gas that can be used in high-end material processing processes that have special requirements for the atmosphere.
2. Reductive gases
Hydrogen (H ₂): It has strong reducibility and can reduce metal oxides to metal elements, remove metal surface oxide scales, and improve metal surface quality. For example, in the sintering process of metal powder, a hydrogen atmosphere can promote better bonding between metal powder particles, improving the density and strength of the sintered body. However, hydrogen is a flammable and explosive gas, and safety operating procedures must be strictly followed when using it.
Carbon monoxide (CO): It has reducibility and is commonly used in the reduction reactions and heat treatment processes of some metals. For example, in the carburizing treatment of steel, carbon monoxide reacts with the iron on the surface of the steel to generate carbon and carbon dioxide, thereby increasing the carbon content on the surface of the steel and improving its hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue performance. But carbon monoxide is a toxic gas, and effective ventilation and safety measures must be taken when using it.
3. Gas for carburizing and nitriding
Methane (CH ₄): It is a commonly used carburizing gas. At high temperatures, methane decomposes to produce carbon atoms and hydrogen gas. The carbon atoms infiltrate the metal surface, thereby increasing the carbon content of the metal surface. In the heat treatment of parts such as gears and shafts, carburizing atmosphere can achieve high hardness, high wear resistance, and good fatigue resistance on the surface of the parts, while the core still maintains good toughness and strength.
Propane (C ∝ H ₈): It is also a commonly used carburizing gas. Compared with methane, propane has a higher carbon content and a faster carburizing rate. In practical applications, appropriate carburizing gases and carburizing process parameters are usually selected based on specific process requirements and part materials to achieve the desired carburizing effect.
Ammonia gas (NH3): can be used for nitriding treatment, decomposing at high temperatures to produce nitrogen atoms, infiltrating into metal surfaces to form nitrides, and improving the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of metal surfaces.
4. Other gases
Oxygen (O ₂): Although oxygen is often considered an oxidant, it is also necessary in certain specific material processing processes, such as oxidative sintering.
Air: is one of the most common atmospheres, in which oxygen can support combustion and oxidation reactions, suitable for general heat treatment, calcination, sintering and other processes.

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