What experiments can be conducted on an experimental multi zone rotary furnace?

The experimental multi temperature zone rotary furnace, with its core functions of independent temperature control in multiple temperature zones, dynamic rotary processing, and high-precision atmosphere control, can carry out various experiments in the fields of materials science, chemical engineering, new energy, environmental science, and metallurgical industry. The specific details are as follows:

Materials Science Field
Preparation of ceramic materials:
Calcination and synthesis: Segmented calcination and synthesis of ceramic powders are achieved through gradient temperature control in multiple temperature zones. For example, in the preparation of alumina ceramics, a low-temperature gel removal zone (such as 400-600 ℃) and a high-temperature sintering zone (such as 1500-1600 ℃) can be set, combined with the rotary mixing effect, to eliminate powder agglomeration, improve sintering activity, and achieve grain size uniformity ≤ 50nm and density ≥ 99%.
Optimization of functional ceramics: In the synthesis of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) or ferroelectric ceramics, multi temperature zone design can accurately control the diffusion process of dopants (such as La, Nb), optimize the phase structure, and improve the piezoelectric coefficient (d ∝③≥ 300 pC/N).
Composite material processing:
Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs): The rotary furnace dynamically disperses carbon fibers uniformly in the ceramic matrix, reducing interface defects. For example, in the preparation of SiC/SiC composite materials, the rotary process can increase the bending strength to 500-600 MPa and the fracture toughness by 50%.
Metal based composite materials (MMCs): Multi zone temperature control combined with inert atmosphere protection achieves uniform infiltration of aluminum or magnesium based composite materials. For example, in the preparation of Al ₂ O ∝/Al composite materials, the rotary furnace can control the infiltration temperature gradient to avoid porosity>1%.

In the field of chemical engineering
Multiphase catalytic reaction:
Fischer Tropsch synthesis (FTS): Simulating the axial temperature distribution of the reactor through multi temperature zone design (such as inlet 250 ℃, outlet 350 ℃), combined with rotary mixing to enhance gas-solid contact, improves CO conversion rate (≥ 90%) and C ₅ hydrocarbon selectivity (≥ 70%).
Methanol to olefins (MTO): In the evaluation of SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst, the rotary furnace can achieve dynamic mixing of reactants (methanol) and catalyst, shorten the induction period (≤ 10 min), and improve the selectivity of ethylene+propylene (≥ 80%).
Fluidized bed simulation:
Scale up of gas-solid fluidized bed reactor: The rotary furnace simulates the cyclic motion of particles in the fluidized bed by adjusting the rotational speed (5-15 rpm) and tilt angle (10 ° -20 °), and optimizes the reactor design parameters. For example, in fluidized bed catalytic cracking (FCC) experiments, the rotary process can increase the yield of light oil by 5% -8%.

In the field of new energy
Lithium ion battery materials:
Synthesis of positive and negative electrode materials: Multi temperature zone temperature control combined with oxygen atmosphere (flow rate 50-200 mL/min) is used to achieve segmented oxidation of high nickel ternary materials (NCM/NCA) (such as 400 ℃ pre oxidation and 750 ℃ high-temperature solid-state reaction), control the Li/Ni mixing degree (≤ 3%), and improve cycling stability (1000 times capacity retention rate ≥ 85%).
Optimization of silicon-based negative electrode materials: The rotary furnace alleviates the volume expansion of silicon particles (≤ 150%) through dynamic processing, combined with carbon coating processes (such as CVD deposition), to improve the first efficiency (≥ 88%) and specific capacity (≥ 1500 mAh/g).
Solid state electrolyte synthesis:
Sulfide solid electrolyte (such as Li ∝ PS ₄): Under argon protection, a continuous process of low-temperature sulfurization (200 ℃) and high-temperature annealing (500 ℃) is designed in multiple temperature zones to control grain boundary resistance (≤ 10 Ω· cm) and improve ion conductivity (≥ 10 Ω³ S/cm).
Oxide solid electrolytes (such as LLZO): The rotational mixing effect can eliminate Li ₂ CO Ⅲ impurities, increase the cubic phase content (≥ 95%), and reduce grain boundary impedance.

Environmental Science Field
Catalytic purification of exhaust gas:
VOCs catalytic combustion: In the evaluation of precious metal (Pt/Pd) or non precious metal (MnOx/CeO ₂) catalysts, the rotary furnace can simulate the airflow distribution under actual working conditions (air velocity 5000-20000 h ⁻¹), optimize the catalyst activity temperature window (such as T ₉₀ ≤ 250 ℃).
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx: By designing multiple temperature zones to study the NH3 SCR reaction pathway (such as standard SCR and rapid SCR), low-temperature activity is improved (NOx conversion rate ≥ 90% at 150 ℃).
Solid waste disposal:
Fly ash melting and solidification: At high temperatures of 1400-1600 ℃, the rotary furnace achieves uniform solidification of heavy metals (such as Pb and Cd) in fly ash through dynamic mixing, reducing leaching toxicity to ≤ 0.1 mg/L (in accordance with GB 5085.3 standard).
Recycling of waste lithium batteries: Multi temperature zone temperature control combined with reducing atmosphere (H ₂/CO) is used to achieve stepwise reduction of LiCoO ₂ positive electrode material (such as 600 ℃ Co∝ O ₄ → 800 ℃ CoO), improving metal recovery rate (Li ≥ 95%, Co ≥ 90%).

Metallurgical industry field
Preparation of high-temperature alloys:
Nickel based single crystal superalloys: In directional solidification experiments, the rotary furnace suppresses the formation of impurities and increases the orientation deviation angle (≤ 5 ° C) by controlling the furnace tube speed (1-5 rpm) and temperature gradient (≥ 100 ℃/cm), meeting the performance requirements of aircraft engine turbine blades (creep life ≥ 1000 h).
Titanium alloy powder metallurgy: Multi temperature zone design realizes low-temperature dehydrogenation (400-600 ℃) and high-temperature sintering (1200-1400 ℃) of powders, controls oxygen content (≤ 0.15%), and improves density (≥ 99.5%).
Metal purification and refining:
Zone Refining: The rotary furnace achieves high-purity purification of metals (such as silicon and germanium) by moving the heating zone (at a speed of 0.1-10 mm/min), with impurity segregation coefficient ≤ 10 ⁻⁶ and purity ≥ 9N (99.999999999%).
Vacuum distillation purification: Under a vacuum environment of ≤ 10 Pa, multiple temperature zones are controlled to achieve the separation of low boiling point metals (such as zinc and cadmium), with a purity of ≥ 99.995%.