What is the typical tempering temperature for a muffle furnace?

The tempering temperature of the muffle furnace is usually between 25 ℃ and 650 ℃, depending on the material type and performance requirements. The following is a detailed explanation of the tempering temperature for different materials:

Steel materials:
Low temperature tempering: The temperature range is between 150 ℃ and 250 ℃, mainly used to obtain high hardness tempered martensitic structure, suitable for parts such as cutting tools and measuring tools that require high hardness and wear resistance.
Medium temperature tempering: The temperature range is between 350 ℃ and 500 ℃, and the tempered structure is tempered martensite, with high elastic limit and yield strength, suitable for parts such as springs and elastic clamps.
High temperature tempering: The temperature range is between 500 ℃ and 650 ℃, and the tempered microstructure is tempered martensite, which has good comprehensive mechanical properties, including high toughness and plasticity. It is suitable for the final heat treatment of machine structural parts such as shafts, gears, and load-bearing bolts.

Other metal materials:
For certain special metal materials, such as high chromium cast iron/low carbon steel composite materials, the tempering temperature may vary depending on the specific material composition and performance requirements. For example, some experiments use 500 ℃, 550 ℃, and 600 ℃ as tempering temperatures to study the effect of different tempering temperatures on material properties.

Tempering temperature in experiments and research:
In experimental research, in order to further investigate the effect of tempering temperature on material properties, multiple gradient tempering temperatures may be designed. For example, four tempering temperatures (200 ℃, 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃) and four tempering times (100s, 200s, 300s, 500s) were experimentally designed to comprehensively analyze the effects of tempering temperature and time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of materials.