Tube furnace pyrolysis oil

Tube furnace pyrolysis oil is a liquid product generated by the pyrolysis reaction of organic matter such as biomass and waste plastics in a tube furnace. It has complex composition and specific properties, and can be applied in various ways, but it faces challenges such as storage stability. Here is a specific introduction:

1. The generation process of pyrolysis oil in tube furnace
Tube furnace pyrolysis oil is obtained through tube furnace pyrolysis technology. Tube furnace pyrolysis is a process method in which a tube reactor is placed in a heating furnace, and the outer wall of the reactor is heated by fuel combustion and heat is transferred between the walls, causing the reaction materials inside the tube to undergo cracking. This process is usually carried out under steam dilution conditions to ensure the stability and product quality of the pyrolysis reaction. During the pyrolysis process, organic matter such as biomass and waste plastics are heated under anaerobic or low oxygen conditions, causing the organic matter to decompose and produce gas, liquid, and solid products. Among them, the liquid product is pyrolysis oil.

2. Composition and properties of pyrolysis oil in tubular furnace
Pyrolysis oil is a mixture of complex organic components with extremely high oxygen content, mainly composed of high molecular weight organic compounds with hundreds of types of compounds belonging to several chemical categories, including almost all types of oxygen-containing organic compounds such as ethers, esters, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, organic acids, alcohols, etc. Pyrolysis oil usually appears black to reddish brown in color, with a density of about 1200kg/m ³, higher than fuel oil and significantly higher than raw biomass. Its viscosity ranges from 25cP to 1000cP, depending on the water content. Due to the presence of a large amount of oxygen-containing compounds, pyrolysis oil has polarity and cannot be mixed with hydrocarbon fuels. In addition, the nitrogen content in pyrolysis oil is lower than that of petroleum, and it does not contain metals and sulfides, but contains organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, so the pH value is about 2-4, which is acidic.

3. Application of tube furnace pyrolysis oil
As fuel: Pyrolysis oil can be directly used as fuel oil, replacing traditional fossil fuels and reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Its high calorific value can reach 17MJ/kg, which is lower than conventional fuel, but its utilization efficiency can be improved by co firing with coal or improving the engine.
Preparation of synthesis gas: Pyrolysis oil can be gasified to produce synthesis gas, which can then be used to synthesize hydrocarbons or other chemicals. During this process, the organic substances in the pyrolysis oil react with water vapor or oxygen at high temperatures to produce synthesis gas feedstocks such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Extraction of chemical raw materials: Pyrolysis oil contains various valuable chemical raw materials, such as phenol, anthracene, etc. By appropriate separation and purification techniques, these raw materials can be extracted from pyrolysis oil for the production of high-value chemicals.

4. Challenge and improvement of pyrolysis oil in tube furnace
Despite the wide application prospects of pyrolysis oil in tube furnaces, its production and utilization still face some challenges. For example, pyrolysis oil has a high moisture content and contains acidic substances, which places high demands on storage and transportation equipment. In addition, the stability of pyrolysis oil is poor, and polymerization reactions are prone to occur, leading to an increase in viscosity. To overcome these challenges, researchers are exploring various improvement techniques. For example, removing halogens and metal impurities from pyrolysis oil through catalytic hydrogenation, adsorption, and other methods; Improving the calorific value of pyrolysis oil and reducing its moisture content through modification technology; And develop more efficient pyrolysis reactors and process conditions.